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La invención de la brújula, ¿cómo funciona la brújula?

Dondequiera que estemos en el mundo, siempre podemos encontrar nuestro camino a través de la brújula de una manera muy fácil. Incluso si estuviéramos en el medio del océano, nos tomaría unos segundos para encontrar nuestro camino a través de este dispositivo simple. Hoy en día la brújula siempre ha sido la forma más fácil, aunque hay dispositivos muy sofisticados como los satélites GPS. La brújula tiene una flecha magnética que está equilibrada y colocada sobre la aguja para que pueda moverse casi sin fricción. Esta flecha, gracias al magnetismo en el campo magnético del norte de la tierra (magnetismo del norte), siempre muestra el norte.

 

Podemos pensar en el mundo como un gran imán. El campo magnético del mundo se dirige a cierto orden en el proceso de la formación y demuestra una característica del imán. En consecuencia, el polo norte se dirige como s. El polo sur también está dirigido a n. Las letras N y S utilizadas en imanes también se inspiran en los polos norte y sur.

 

La brújula está marcada como N, al norte de la flecha, y el norte de la brújula dibuja el mundo del norte desde el principio de diferentes polos se tira entre sí. Para sentir este tiro en la superficie del mundo con un diámetro de 8000mile, la flecha de la brújula es extremadamente ligera y no es fricción-libre. De lo contrario, no sería posible navegar por el campo magnético.

 

A lo largo de todo el eje del mundo, la brújula no funciona con una precisión de 100%, algunas áreas se desvían. Estas regiones y cuánta desviación se muestran en los mapas detallados.

 

Una consideración al usar la brújula es la ausencia de objetos metálicos que se pueden utilizar para crear campos magnéticos alrededor de él. Si el campo magnético alrededor de la brújula tiene un objeto que es más que la superficie de la tierra, la flecha de la brújula se dirige hacia ese objeto. Esto también significa una medición defectuosa.

 

Historia

Los chinos inventaron la brújula en 100 d.c. El descubrimiento de la brújula se llevó a cabo desde el principio de que un objeto liberado se dirigía hacia el norte en un entorno magnético.

 

En Francia, la primera brújula fue mencionada en 1200. Fue seguida por Islandia en 1207, Inglaterra y 1213. La brújula tenía una estructura primitiva. El primer desarrollo significativo fue Pierre de Maricourt (1269). Después de poner la aguja en una varilla metálica, la plantó en una caja transparente y nivelada.

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