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Poduszkowiec: Pojazd bez granic

Jeden z najciekawszych projektów w technologii transportu, poduszkowiec jest kandydatem na przyszłość. Unoszące się nad ziemią, maszyna, latanie na lądzie i na morzu, ze względu na możliwość dotrzeć do najdalszych zakątków świata bez granic geograficznych.

 

Zasada działania poduszkowiec jest to, że pojazd porusza się na poduszek powietrznych. Pneumatyczny wyższe niż normalne ciśnienie jest rozpylany w kierunku podstawy przez silniki i pojazdu jest cięty na ziemię. Tak więc pojazd porusza się lekko nadziemią. Poza tym ruch pionowy ruch do przodu pojazdu jest pod warunkiem przez śmigło silniki umieszczone prostopadle do podłogi. Zwrotność jest również zwracanawokół własnej osi i jest pod warunkiem, ze skrzydłami z tyłu pojazdu. Dolnej części jest pokryta elastyczny materiał o nazwie spódnicę. W ten sposób poduszka powietrzna jest trzymany w pewnym momencie i przepływu powietrza jest niemożliwe.

 

Pomysł poduszkowiec po raz pierwszy została ukształtowana przez szwedzki naukowiec Emanuel Swendenborg w 1700 roku. Swendenborg twierdził, że pojazd mógł pozostać na wodzie, jeśli powietrze miał odpowiednio wciśnięty pod łodzią odwróconą. Ale poziom technologiczny okres był bardzo do tyłu pod względem realizacji tego projektu. Bardziej poważne badania były prowadzone przez brytyjski inżynier SirJohn Isaac Thornycraft w 1870. Wiadomym jest, że brytyjski inżynier ma zrobić kilkaeksperymentów i opatentowany pomysł. Chociaż wielu różnych naukowców różnychwzorów, żaden z nich nie udało się wystarczająco dużo, aby udowodnić teorię. Ale brytyjski wynalazca Christoper Kogucik odkryto pierwsze udane prototypy w 1950, usunięcie wszystkie zagadnienia związane z projektowaniem. Z powodu tego osiągnięcia koguta, który został nagrodzony tytułem "Sir", był również pierwszy sukces hovercraftin być nazwany SR-N1 w roku 1959.

 

Dzisiaj widzimy, że olbrzymie poduszkowiec pasażerski SR-N4 z jednomiejscowychpojazdów produkowane są w szerokiej gamy poduszkowiec. Od 1970 roku SR-N4 został jednym z najbardziej preferowanych pojazdów w podróży Francja-Wielka Brytania, z niezwykle szybkie przejście przez morze. Ten ogromny pojazd łatwo mogą osiągnąć prędkość do 90-100 kilometrów na godzinę, podczas przenoszenia 450 pasażerów i pojazdy 65 komfortowo.

 

Pojazdy te, które są również używane w obszarach wojskowych, są bardzo wygodnew użyciu do celów ekstrakcji, tak wiele krajów przyjmuje aktywne pozycje sił morskich. Te pojazdy, które nie zostały dotknięte przez morze i miny, były aktywnie zaangażowany w wojny w Zatoce Perskiej, gdyż nie dotykają podłogi.

 

Główną zaletą Hovercraftin jest to szybko, że nie wymaga żadnych dróg lub port. Zużycie paliwa jest bardzo niskie, ponieważ nie jest on narażony na siły tarcia.

 

Na początku 1960 sądzono, że szybko poduszkowiec może zostać wykorzystana wmorzu, pustynie lub obszary pokryte lodem. Ale w krótkim czasie, problemy zostałyzrealizowane; Częste części i zwrotność słonowodne efekt spowodowany ten pojazdnie jest dokładnie to, co spodziewano. Ale dzięki rozwój technologii, ten projekt będzie dalej udoskonalane.

 

To teraz można powiedzieć, że overcraft mają wyjątkowe miejsce w transporcie, jeślisą one oczyszczone z ich słabości i opracowany w obszarach, gdzie jest dobry.

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