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Qu'est-ce qu'une pompe centrifuge? Comment ça marche?

Dans les pompes centrifuges, comme avec tous les turbomachines, il y a un élément principal appelé la turbine, tournant une vitesse angulaire autour de l'axe fixe. La forme la plus simple de la turbine centrifuge est obtenue par des ailes centrales (radiales) entre deux disques parallèles. En outre, l'un des disques est épaissir autour de l'axe et se connecte à un mile. Comme indiqué dans la figure suivante, une particule fluide à l'intérieur de la turbine tourne autour de l'axe de rotation avec la vitesse de U = rωwith la roue, tandis que de l'autre, elle se déplace en fonction de la roue avec la W-Speed et les feuilles. U obtient le nom de la vitesse relative de la vélocité de l'environnement, W.

 

Lorsqu'une turbine remplie de liquide commence à tourner autour de l'axe, elle commence à émerger de la surface du liquide B sous l'influence des forces centrifuges. Ainsi, le fluide absorbé par la surface de l'E est imprimé à partir de la surface B.

 

Le flux observé par un observateur rotatif avec la roue différera du flux de l'observateur dans l'environnement immobile. La vitesse d'une particule se déplaçant à l'intérieur du flux, selon un observateur stationnaire dans l'environnement immobile, a le régime absolu, la vitesse relative de vitesse que la roue voit au point où un observateur tourne avec la roue.

 

La vitesse absolue est la somme vectorielle de C, W, et vous vitesses. Avec l'intensité et la direction de la W et vous vitesses, ils forment un bord rectangulaire. Ce seuil représente la vitesse absolue de la diagonale du rectangle. Les bords du rectangle indiquent la vitesse relative de W et la vitesse ambiante de vous, selon l'intensité et la direction de la violence. Ainsi, ces trois vitesses forment un triangle. Dans les calculs, un nombre infini d'ailes très fines sont agi sur la pensée. Dans ce cas, il est acceptable que les fils d'écoulement soient entièrement surveillés et que l'alimentation soit d'une dimension. En cas d'entrée sans impact, le début de l'aile est tangent à la vitesse relative d'entrée. Avec une autre expression, le taux de W1, qui fait un angle β1 avec la chambre d'admission des pompes, est dans la même direction que le profil de l'aile. De même, la vitesse W2, qui fait un angle β2 avec la fin de la sortie de l'aile, est dans la même direction. La direction de l'entrée dépend de la direction de l'élément de la première aile dans l'entrée et de l'orientation de la vitesse d'entrée lorsque l'entrée est demandée pour être effectuée sans distorsion et empêchant ainsi les pertes. Dans les pompes, la lame se termine sous l'angle β2 de la vitesse relative W2.

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