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Vznášedlo: vozidlo bez hranic

Jeden z nejzajímavějších vzorů v dopravě technologie, vznášedlo je kandidátem do budoucna. Plovoucí nad zemí, tento mimořádný stroj, létání na souši a na moři, vzhledem k možnosti dosáhnout nejvzdálenějších koutů světa bez zeměpisné hranice.

 

Pracovní princip vznášedla je, že vozidlo se pohybuje na airbagu. Vyšší stlačený vzduch, než je normální tlak vzduchu se nastříká směrem k základně motory a vozidlo je řez na zem. Takže vozidlo se pohybuje mírně nad vozovkou. Kromě svislého pohybu je předním pohybem vozidla zajištěno vrtulové motory umístěné kolmo k podlaze. Manévrovatelnost se také vrací kolem vlastní osy a je opatřena křídly na zadní straně vozidla. Spodní část je potažena pružným materiálem nazývaným sukně. Tímto způsobem je airbag udržován v určitém okamžiku a únik vzduchu je zabráněno.

 

Myšlenka vznášedla byla poprvé formována švédským vědcem Emanuelem Swendenborg v roce 1700. Swendenborg tvrdil, že vozidlo může zůstat na vodě, jestliže byl vzduch přiměřeně stlačen pod obrácenou lodí. Technologická úroveň tohoto období však byla velmi zaostalá, pokud jde o realizaci tohoto projektu. Vážnější studie byly provedeny britský inženýr Sir John Isaac Thornycraft v roce 1870. Je známo, že britský inženýr udělal nějaké pokusy a patentovaný nápad. Ačkoli mnoho různých vědců dělalo různé návrhy, žádný z nich se nedostal natolik, aby dokázal teorii. Ale britský vynálezce Christoper kohout odkryl první úspěšné prototypy v roce 1950, řešení všech problémů návrhu. Z důvodu tohoto úspěchu byl kohout, který získal titul "Sir", také první úspěšnou hovercraftin, která se jmenovala SR-N1 v roce 1959.

 

Dnes vidíme, že obří SR-N4 osobní vznášedlo od Single-sedačkové vozidla jsou vyráběny na širokou škálu vznášedla. Od sedmdesátých let je SR-N4 jedním z nejvíce preferovaných vozidel ve Francii-UK Travel, s extrémně rychlým překračováním moře. Toto obrovské vozidlo může snadno dosáhnout rychlosti až 90-100 kilometrů za hodinu a zároveň nést 450 cestujících a 65 vozidel pohodlně.

 

Tato vozidla, která jsou také používána ve vojenských oblastech, jsou velmi výhodné pro použití pro těžbu, takže mnoho zemí, které se aktivně pozice v námořních sil. Tato vozidla, která nebyla zasažena mořem a pozemními doly, byla aktivně zapojena do války v Perském zálivu, protože se nedotkla podlahy.

 

Hlavní výhodou Hovercraftin je, že je rychlý, ale nepotřebuje žádné silnice nebo přístav. Spotřeba paliva je velmi nízká, protože není vystavena třecí síle.

 

Na počátku šedesátých let se předpokládalo, že rychlé vznášedlo by mohlo být využito v mořích, pouštích nebo na ledových územích. Ale v krátké době byly problémy realizovány; Častá část a manévrovatelnost slaného efektu způsobily, že toto vozidlo není přesně to, co bylo očekáváno. Díky vývoji technologií se však tento návrh bude dále zlepšovat.

 

Nyní je možné říci, že plavidlo bude mít jedinečné místo v dopravě, pokud jsou očištěny od jejich slabin a vyvinut v oblastech, kde je to dobré.

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